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Duncan Heining writes about jazz, improvised music and 20th century composition. Since 1997 he has written for Avant Magazine, Record Collector, The Independent, The Independent On Sunday, Jazzwise, Jazz UK and the All About Jazz website. In 2010 Scarecrow Press published his biography of African-American composer and musical theorist George Russell, George Russell – An American Composer. He is also the author of Trad Dads, Dirty Boppers and Free Fusioneers: British Jazz, 1960-1975 (Equinox, 2012).